Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Is Music Beneficial Society - 1081 Words

Is music really beneficial to society? Do its pros outweigh its cons? The famous Greek philosopher, Protagoras, once said, â€Å"There are two sides to every question, one opposed to the other.† This quote implies that although there can be many perspectives of a situation; no person’s belief is incorrect. It simply opposes other’s beliefs. Similarly, even though music is said to have many positive effects, like being therapeutic, it also negatively influences many social, political, and economic issues in the United States today, such as: poverty, unemployment, gun control, police brutality, bullying, and fear of acceptance. As children, we all wanted nothing more than to make our parents happy and proud of us. We hated disappointing them, even it was something small like a bad grade or chore we didn’t do. An important issue plaguing the world today is fear of acceptance. In Angel Haze’s song, Same Love, her lyrics, â€Å"At age thirteen, my mom knew I wasn’t straight. She didn’t understand, but she had so much to say,† portrays the common belief that even if you be yourself, you’ll be judged anyway. This song negatively influences people, both young and old, to fear â€Å"coming out† because they won’t be accepted. Fear of acceptance is an important social issue because it might make a person so scared of what other people may think it may lead to self-isolation, self-neglect, depression, or even ultimately death by suicide. Fear of acceptance may also lead to both health and mentalShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech : Music Programs Should Be Kept P ublic Schools939 Words   |  4 Pagesthat music programs should be kept in public schools. Central Idea: The government should not cut music programs in public schools because they are beneficial to children, not only to their education, but also helps express themselves. Introduction I. Plato, a Greek philosopher once said â€Å"I would teach children music, physics, and philosophy; but most importantly music, for the patterns in music and all the arts are the keys to learning.† A. These words by Plato are what makes music programsRead MoreBenefits Of Hip Hop784 Words   |  4 PagesMusic is human’s universal language no matter where people are from it has some type of effect on them. One genre of music that effects some people is Hip hop; it allows others to express themselves and to feel more confident. 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To begin with the genre rock only seems right. When most people hear the word rock, without even listening to the music they think of loud, crude and obscene. People thought that liking this music made you take on a rebellious persona. But they were describing the image not the actual music. Just because the tv’s were black and white didnt mean the music had to be. Hitting full swing in the early 1950â€⠄¢s, rock wasRead MoreThe Importance Of Using Authentic Letters, Diaries, And Journals Of The Social Studies Classroom Essay1444 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant and are required for everyone on a daily basis. â€Å"Social studies offer many opportunities for reading, writing, and discussing skills that good citizens need to develop to their fullest. It is essential that the citizenry in a democratic society be well-educated, with each citizen able to gain information through reading and communicate effectively through speaking and writing† (Pg.231) Other elements such as respecting others, knowing and following the law, making a difference, and improvingRead MoreAutism Is Not Just One Disorder And It Affects The Normal Development Of A Child s Brain1498 Words   |  6 Pages1 in 68 births in the United States will result in a child with autism. According to the Autism Society of America, it is reported as the fastest-growing disability, reaching epidemic proportions at a rat e of 10-17 percent per year. Most parents recognize the signs and symptoms of autism anytime between birth and the first three years of their child’s life. Autism is classified as a neurological disorder and it affects the normal development of a child’s brain. Autism is not just one disorder, butRead MoreContent Of Pop Culture : What Should Be Censored?910 Words   |  4 Pagescensorship. When it comes to the subject of music I do not, or try not, to listen to music nor watch music videos that insinuates secular or sexual content. I have thought about the messages that TV and music send to its viewers and whether or not these messages are beneficial or harmful. My two favorite (secular) songs are Lauryn Hill’s â€Å"Doo-Wop (that thing)† and American Authors’ â€Å"Best Day of My Life†. I have never watched either of these song’s music videos. Lauryn Hill’s â€Å"Doo-Wop† song,Read MoreThe Effects Of Music Education On Mainstream Education Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pageson answering if music education has enough crossover benefit to include it into our mainstream education. Two scholarly articles, a blog, a personal story and an online article were selected and consulted to find the answer to this question. Many authors in many articles had minimal criticism of music education and most were in favor of music education. Findings were that yes, music education does in fact have enough crossover benefit to include it into mainstream education. Music education may beRead MoreEffects Of Stress On College Students1498 Words   |  6 PagesIn today’s society, there are an outrageous number of problems people deal with in their day to day lives. While some of these issues do not seem to have a possible solution, some of them do. A problem faced by many college students in society is an overwhelming amou nt of unnecessary stress being placed on their shoulders. There are a variety of factors that can contribute to their high stress levels. Solving some sources of stress and helping students to cope with the immeasurable stress would helpRead MoreThe more you expose yourself to diversity, the less ignorant you become. Diversity is beneficial,700 Words   |  3 PagesThe more you expose yourself to diversity, the less ignorant you become. Diversity is beneficial, because it combines new ideas and cultures into a society. It provides people with visions to develop, grow, and change. From the early 1900’s to current times, it is shown that diversity has been widely accepted and has beneficial to today’s society. In businesses, by bringing people together from different environments and qualifications, businesses can more effectively sell to customers from different

Relationship Between Line Manager Behavior

Question: Discuss about the Relationship Between Line Manager Behavior. Answer: Introduction Employee relation is a crucial aspect of handling of human resources by organizations(Shaw, 2009). Organizations make use of proper employee motivational tools, appropriate leader and job design to increase productivity and commitment from their employees. All these factors jointly in turn affect employee satisfaction levels. The scope of the current case analysis deals with the effects of handling employee relations ineffectively which results in employee dissatisfaction and low levels of commitment. The current case Company has been often accused of handling employees which constitutes its truck drivers in an inappropriate ways and means which resulted in its union leader bargaining with the organization(Alfes, 2013). Later the Company got taken over by a national level Company where employees are greatly valued. Thus, various aspects of employee relation are analyzed in the report. Workplace Practices by new yard manager Work practices at Top Trucking Company at Wollongong yard were traditional in nature being functional as a family business. The family along with the employed manager had a reluctant attitude of negligence towards the truck drivers along with their union leader(Wright, 2007). Whereas in the new national transportation Company which taken over the business of the transportation company had a different attitude towards the drivers. The new Company along with its manager implemented new work practices within the Company that was complementary to the previous prevailing work practices. The new yard manager paid attention to needs and motivational levels of employees. The new Company had a contemporary approach in dealing with the employees by maintaining proper communication with them(Rasulzada, 2009). They had a technique of handling employee grievances and in dealing with any new changes that had to be accommodated with the organization. George, the newly employed yard manager was determined in transforming employee perception regarding the Company. With his determination he was capable of motivating employees and gaining an edge over the previous manager. While the previous manager had a negative influence on the employees, the current manager had a positive role to play. The new Company as a part of employee engagement process renovated and purchased new trucks and also provided drivers dresses, which can be worn during working hours. This led to employee feeling associated with the Company, lifting their morale and motivational levels(Crespo, 2011). The new yard manager along with his existing role of employee engagement was an active leader who worked towards establishing of proper employee relation. His motives were to involve more employees and union leader in order to get productivity to accomplish goals for the organization. This allowed him to establish a greater dependence on employees who were satisfied wi th their roles and current levels of responsibility. The manager often communicated regarding various work targets and pressures by discussing with drivers, which was not attempted earlier. The earlier manager used to treat the employees as not being a part of the Company whereas the new manager made the employees a part of the Company. There is a huge gap in the treatment received from the earlier manager and new manager. The union leader was often referred to for providing suggestions for employee job design and satisfaction. This attitude not only allowed the manager to revive the business but also adopt a suitable organization culture along with work environment. The new Company was greatly involved in establishing a positive employee employer relation that could lead to high levels in employee performance(Kuvaas, 2008). Dependence of new employee relation on leader The truck Company was previously functional and operated in a totally unprofessional manner which led to decrease in productivity levels of employees(Runar Edvardsson, 2008). With the new Company taking over and placing a new leader or manager to handle operations at the truck Company there has been a drastic change undertaken. The role of the new manager had been that of an influential leader who has been able to bring about various changes especially in the field of employee relations. He has established a communication of the employees that constitute the most important resource along with developing relation. He has been greatly instrumental in changing and uplifting of employee morale from being negative towards the Company to being highly positive in nature(Amos, 2008). The new manager deployed by the Company has played the role of transformational leader by incorporating in changes that was previously missing. Especially he has been effective in developing employee level commitment and reducing employee burnout from the current job scenario. His attitude has greatly helped the Company cope with pressures of employee turnover, dissatisfaction and low employee morale(Van De Voorde, 2012). Hence, it has been analyzed that the new visionary leader has been effective in bringing about a new plethora of changes that was otherwise unexpected in the current organization culture. Every transformation within organization takes places through an effective leader who is capable of guiding the process of change. The leader handholds and focuses on employees by convincing them of the changes by making them followers of his. Only a capable leader is able to convince employees into following his footsteps and gaining confidence in him(Renee Baptiste, 2008). There is immense mental dependence that is created by such leaders in him which can be greater than the organization itself. A leader is able to mold his followers and able to maintain effective relations with them. In the current situation the newly employed manager have been able to handle the transition by convincing union leader along with employees to follow him. His charismatic styles and personality have provided impetus for employee productivity enhancement. Through continuing struggle and adaptation of such styles he has been able to change the mental set up of employees towards the organization making t hem focus on goals and objectives(Naseem, 2011). Hence, in case he is changed the employees will eventually lose trust and relation with the organization all over again. This can lead to employees looking for new leader elsewhere, lowering their commitment towards the current organization. It is the first time in the truck company post employing George, the yard manager that a steady employee relation has been developed. It is due to his tremendous leadership qualities that his employees as well as union leader have followed and liked him. His efforts have empowered employees and eventually they have supported him with respect to all decisions undertaken. His followers seek direction from him and feel highly motivated to work along with him(Purcell, 2007). Due to his effort the organization has high levels of employee performance which has in turn enhanced the organizations overall performance. Thus, it becomes imperative to maintain and keep George the newly employed yard manager as the organizational culture promoted by him has been highly effective to increase employee productivity and motivation. Reasons for not accepting changes in Transport Workers Union While globalization and competition amongst industries have led to a number of changes being adopted across organizations, it is always not possible to accommodate changes. Changes within organizations can only be brought about in case the human resource or employees within the organization with help from change management leader are willing to bring about changes. While incorporating in changes might be deemed necessary, various employees and their respective unions are opposed to the entire ideas of change(Innocenti, 2011). Stringent blue collar unions as Transport Workers Union are less likely to agree to changes been adopted within their organizations. These types of blue collar employee union play pertinent roles within employees of an organization and the organization itself, hence there are several fears they attach with the process of change. Influential blue collar employee unions have high roles which they apply in organizations as bargaining employee wages, leaves and other aspects of an employee working within an organization. Organization while adopting change might make roles of these popular employee unions redundant. Organizations employ transformational leader, who is capable of bringing about change. A transformational leader generally applies employee relation and management technique directly with employees(Mowday, 2013). He also establishes communication within the employees which helps establish an organizational culture and employee relation with the Company. With adaptation of changes and improvised workplace related practices roles of employee unions might be viewed as unnecessary. Hence, they often oppose to the process of adopting a change or any practice that can lead to direct communication between the employer and employee. Every organization wants to adopt changes while unions are opposed to them as they are particularly unsure of the effects which such changes might have on the union itself. The goal of every trade union is to establish a relation between the employer and employee through them and not directly, they fear effective changes might dampen such prospects altogether. An effective and capable transformational leader will be capable of bringing about changes by convincing union leader along with employees and create changes for the overall organization. Conclusion Employee relation handling has become the key to establish a higher productivity amongst employer and employee. Such employee relation in turn enable the organization to accomplish productivity and related output levels. The scope of the current case Company provides relevant examples to highlight and depict effectiveness of employee relations. An organization can adopt varied types of strategies such that it is able to attain employee relation management by deploying an effective leader. An organization can also have specific job design for each of its employees and a specific plan for motivation. An attractive job design is a tool often used by corporations to motivate and engage their employees productively. The new manager had been influential in implementing a varied type of strategies that uplifted and provided motivation for the employees. An employee is more likely to deliver high performance and exhibit high satisfaction levels in case he is more engaged with the organizatio n. These effective human resource strategies can help greatly to attain work objectives of organization and help establish a proper employee relation. High employee turnover, employee dissatisfaction and low levels of commitment can greatly reduce employee performance within organization. An organization with dissatisfied employees incurs high costs due to turnover and low levels of commitment. An effective leader can help build bond between the organization and its employees such that employees develop a feeling towards the organization. Thus, it becomes imperative for organizations to deploy suitable strategies for employee engagement and employee motivation. Reference Lists Alfes, K. T. (2013). The relationship between line manager behavior, perceived HRM practices, and individual performance: Examining the mediating role of engagement. . Human resource management, 839-859. Amos, E. A. (2008). An analysis of the relation between employeeOrganization value congruence and employee attitudes. . The journal of psychology, 615-632. Crespo, N. C. (2011). Worksite physical activity policies and environments in relation to employee physical activity. . American Journal of Health Promotion, 264-271. Innocenti, L. P. (2011). Trust as moderator in the relationship between HRM practices and employee attitudes. . Human Resource Management Journal, 303-317. Kuvaas, B. (2008). An exploration of how the employeeorganization relationship affects the linkage between perception of developmental human resource practices and employee outcomes. . Journal of Management Studies, 1-25. Mowday, R. T. (2013). Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic press. Naseem, A. S. (2011). Impact of employee satisfaction on success of organization: Relation between customer experience and employee satisfaction. International journal of multidisciplinary sciences and engineering, 41-46. Purcell, J. . (2007). HRM and business performance. . Oxford Handbook of Human Resource Management, The, 533. Rasulzada, F. . (2009). Organizational creativity and innovation in relation to psychological well-being and organizational factors. . Creativity Research Journal, 191-198. Renee Baptiste, N. (2008). Tightening the link between employee wellbeing at work and performance: A new dimension for HRM. Management decision, 284-309. Runar Edvardsson, I. (2008). HRM and knowledge management. Employee Relations, 553-561. Shaw, J. D. (2009). Employee-organization exchange relationships, HRM practices, and quit rates of good and poor performers. . Academy of Management Journal, 1016-1033. Van De Voorde, K. P. (2012). Employee well?being and the HRMorganizational performance relationship: a review of quantitative studies. International Journal of Management Reviews, 391-407. Wright, T. A. (2007). The moderating role of employee positive well being on the relation between job satisfaction and job performance. . Journal of occupational health psychology, 93.

Monday, April 20, 2020

Target vs. Walmart free essay sample

Once an employee is hired, a lot of money is invested to ensure proper training of each and every employee. Target does their best to try and ensure they hire not only good team members, but great managers to lead the team members. After an employee is hired, they instill their motto of â€Å"Fast, Fun, and Friendly† into each employee. Target wants each employee to follow this motto. Even lingo at Target has made a positive impact. For example, Target does not call people who come and in shop customers, instead they call them guests. They want to ensure their guests feel at home. My research is about Target being the best in customer service compared to other retail chains. I am going to find studies, articles, and do an experiment with the class. I plan on showing evidence that because Target has implemented different techniques, which is what makes them successful. We will write a custom essay sample on Target vs. Walmart or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I used to never shop at Target because other retail stores are closer to my home. After working at Target and seeing how the store was put together and the type of training employees go through, I will always be a Target customer. While working at Target, I always thought to myself, â€Å"If only Wal-Mart would implement the technologies and training that Target employees receive, they would be unbeatable. † I have no idea why Wal-Mart won’t get walkies for every sales floor employee. When I walk into a Walmart, Meijer, Kroger, etc. , I know I will have a really hard time finding an employee who knows where the items are that I need. When I go into a Target, I have confidence that any sales floor person can help me. My research is from personal knowledge and from a journal article I found through the UC library website. In July 2010, Consumer Reports did a rating of 11 stores and in best to worst the stores ranked were: Costco, Dillard’s, Kohl’s, JCPenny, Target, Sam’s Club, Sears, Macy’s, Meijer, Wal-Mart, and Kmart. I’m not at all surprised that Wal-Mart was second to last and also not surprised that Target is right up there with department stores. Wal-Mart had the worst possible rating in: returns, checkout, store problems, and product quality of clothing items. In conclusion, if Wal-Mart would focus just as much attention on customer service as they do low prices, they would be unstoppable. Walkies may be a large expense, however, I believe they will pay for themselves. They will be able to find items quicker for customers, check out will run smoother, and because of the better customer service, they will see an increase in repeat customers. I worked at Target from _________________ I got to personally experience what great team work really is. In that time, I gained valuable skills that I’ll have for the rest of my life. Each Target store is a manager-led store. For the most part, Target does a really good job hiring excellent people who can lead teams. However, in my case, sometimes Target lets bad apples slip through the cracks. Target has a store leader, Executive Team Leaders for each department, team leaders for each department, two brand team members in softlines (clothing, shoes, and accessories) and one brand team in hardlines. From what I personally witnessed, if you have great managers team members will work together more effectively and be happy. In softlines, the ETL and team lead were very bias and cruel. Softlines constantly had people switching out of the department, were constantly complaining, and softlines had a higher turn-over rate. How Stores Stack Up! † Consumer Reports Vol. 75, Issue 7, p. 20-21 (July 2010) For my presentation to the class, I’m going to do an experiment. If the library allows me, I am going to borrow two walkies. If walkies are unavailable, I can use cell phones as a backup. I’m going to ask for 4 volunteers. There will be Team Target and Team Wal-Mart. I will give one pers on on each team an item that a customer is going to ask for (I will be the customer). I will then give Team Target the walkies. I will ask the people with the items to go anywhere they want to inside or outside of Flory, out of sight. I will then pretend I’m a customer and ask both people for the item that I sent with their team mates. I will have both teams use the current communication method that the stores they represent use. Team Target will get on the walkie and say, â€Å"Team, where can I find (whatever item it is I will give them)? † The other Target team member will say, â€Å"It’s in (and give their location). † Team Wal-Mart will use the guessing method and have to look for where their team member is. I will time them both and see who can help the customer faster.

Sunday, March 15, 2020

Advertisements Manipulation on Teens Today in Society essays

Advertisements Manipulation on Teens Today in Society essays Advertisements' Manipulation on Teens Today in Society. Teens today, who watch television, listen to the radio, and read magazines and newspapers see, hear, or glance at advertisements. The business men and women behind the creation of the advertisements make millions of money because of consumer ignorance in the product that is shown or said about in their presence. However, teens are just human beings and are not perfect in society. The business people know how to attract its teen audience for their product. For instance, beautiful women seen in advertisements indirectly attract teenage men into buying the item. Famous celebrities who support a particular product. Older men who catch teenage girls eyes when the older men holds out the product. The advertisers are the mind manipulators for teenage consumers today. The commercial advertisements shown on television gives the teenage viewer an indirect position of what the business person is selling. For example, the Nike commercial which normally shows a notable basketball superstar dunking for the purpose of selling shoes and apparel also, shows at the end of the commercial, Just Do It. This message which can cause serious detours in a young teenagers choice in the get rich quick scheme of becoming famous and rich overnight by playing basketball. Another commercial is the Neutrogena clear pads which shows two beautiful girls using these pads on their so-called dirty faces so they can sell young girls their pads which do not work. The indirect purpose of the commercial is that young girls must be beautiful in order to satisfy themselves when they are already beautiful from the start. The ads in magazines and newspaper is another way of catching the teenager`s eye. In the magazines cigarettes, hot cars, drinks, and voluptuous, adult women are hot key strategies in luring a teenager, to the advertisers product. ...

Friday, February 28, 2020

Our Government Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Our Government - Personal Statement Example In other words, this act symbolized a literary composition, in which human vice and folly were held up to ridicule, derision, or scorn. Despite a majority opposing the act, some thought that President Reagan hid the money for good reasons. In this context, the following paper seeks to discuss a political satire about the U.S. government. It is a documented fact, in 1987; a ridicule aspect of $20 Trillion buried was ridicule and deriding vice (Wirls 21). With no doubts; the aspect of burying $20 Trillion in the White House Garden depicts humor. Arguing from this point of view, it is obvious that, if $20 Trillion was buried in Mason jars, there were billion jars buried. Still, imagining the size of the hole required, it’s obvious that, the entire metropolitan area was required. Up-to date, this story is satire, in which vices are ridiculed. In facts, is said that, the money was sealed in hundreds of rutted shoe boxes, mason jars, and metal tins, and the financial windfall is said to have been stashed by Regan. To the White House, the surprising detection was made on Tuesday morning whereby, $19 billion were found dug from the yard. While the senior officials were unsure of the why the money was hid, most notably the framed photo of the first lady Nancy Regan, which was accompanied by a note that read â€Å" Do not be angry with me† (Wirls 10). In this context, the first lady Nancy Regan affirmed that, burying $20 Trillion was to prepare for the potentially projected famine. Republicans, who viewed Regan as a conservative icon, claimed that the discovery of buried money indicated various aspects Former government tripled the national debt, had irresponsible overspending, and invalidate allegations. At this point, Republicans believed that Regan’s decision was suitable to save the country from financial problems that would occur in the future. Though this appealed ridiculed, Regan appealed that his intention was to save the United States from debt, and

Tuesday, February 11, 2020

The relationship between Cooperative Learning and Social Emotional Case Study

The relationship between Cooperative Learning and Social Emotional Learning in a Elementary mixed ability learning environment - Case Study Example materials and ask them to learn the topic on their own at an individual level, without discussing, and then administer a test at the end of the learning. Secondly, the teacher can apply the teaching methodology of teaching the whole topic to the students, while the students take notes, after which a test is administered at the end of the topic to establish their understanding. Thirdly, the teacher can teach the students the topic differently, by teaching the whole topic to each student alone, and then turning on the other student until he is through with all of them. Fourth, the students can ask the students to pick each sub-topic of their interests to learn on their own, and then come teach the sub-topic to the rest of students in a classroom forum moderated by the teacher. Which option is suitable for teaching the living cell topic to the students? In a science class, the teacher has a group of six students of mixed learning abilities. Some of the students have low learning abilities, understanding the content of the teaching very slowly and at times lagging behind in performing the required tasks for the lessons. On the other hand, there is another group that has a high learning ability, being able to learn the content of the science lesson easily, and thus managing to undertake the learning activities and practical tasks very easily. The teacher is highly concerned about the inability of the students with low learning ability to move with the pace he has set, and is therefore worried that such students may inconvenience the students with the high learning abilities, by making the learning process slow, and thus affect the time that the scheduled science lessons should be completed. Thus, the teacher is contemplating various measures to address this problem. First, the teacher is contemplating teaching at the pace that the high ability students are able to adapt, while ignoring the needs of the group with low-learning abilities. Secondly, the teacher is

Friday, January 31, 2020

Interventions for Maternal and Child Health in Nepal Essay Example for Free

Interventions for Maternal and Child Health in Nepal Essay Macro- and micro-nutrient malnutrition is a major public health problem and a key factor in determining morbidity and mortality. Its underlying determinants include poverty, education, sanitation, climate, food production, cultural norms, and accessibility and quality of health care. Pregnant women and young children are particularly at risk owing to the extra nutritional demands of rapid growth. Malnutrition is the direct cause of approximately 300,000 deaths per year (Muller Krawinkel, 2005), and a contributing factor in over a third— 3.5 million—of all child deaths annually (Horton, 2008). These deaths are largely preventable. For infants, there is a â€Å"golden interval† for intervention from pregnancy to 2 years, during which improvements in nutritional status can have long-lasting benefits (Horton, 2008). Strong associations exist between maternal and child undernutrition and reduced adult economic productivity and other negative outcomes (Victoria et al., 2008). While Nepal has recently demonstrated progress toward improving general maternal and child health (MCH), there are still opportunities to further improve nutritional status of mothers and children. This paper examines and makes recommendations about interventions that have the potential to improve maternal and child nutritional status in Nepal. The interventions discussed in this paper address the underlying causes of nutrition-related maternal and child mortality and morbidity, as outlined by the UNICEF Conceptual framework for maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity (UNICEF, 2008), and are organized based on the period of intervention, including antenatal care, delivery care, and post-partum and early childhood care. Antenatal care: Within the antenatal period of development, maternal supplementation has been one of the most studied interventions. Evidence is strongest in support of maternal supplementation of multiple micronutrients, calcium, and iron-folic acid. Given the staggering rates of micronutrient deficiencies among pregnant Nepali women and the low cost of supplementation, maternal supplementation of multiple micronutrients, calcium and iron-folic acid is highly recommended. These micronutrients have a range of benefits, including reduction of maternal anemia, maternal mortality, pre-eclampsia, hypertension, puerperal infection, and low birthweight (LBW). This paper also examines the evidence around maternal smoking cessation interventions because of the extraordinary potential for impact of such programs in a population where smoking rates among women are high and knowledge about negative outcomes associated with smoking is low and because maternal smoking cessation appears to have not been a focus of government and other programs in Nepal. However, there is a lack Executive Summary i of solid evidence to suggest that a particular intervention to reduce maternal smoking could be both effective and efficient in developing countries. Delivery care: This paper also examines interventions during delivery that can have an impact on nutritional status. Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) play a crucial role in decreasing nenonatal and maternal mortality during delivery. They also dispense advice regarding antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal care, including nutrition and diet, breastfeeding, and immunizations. One important aspect of training for TBAs, as well as other health professionals, is the promotion of delayed umbilical cord clamping. Due to the high rates of anemia and iron deficiency in children, delayed cord clamping is a critical intervention because it is a cost-effective way to improve hematologic status, increase blood volume, and decrease anemia in infancy. Post-partum and early childhood care: Finally, nutritional interventions in the post-partum and early childhood period can reduce childhood morbidity and mortality and ensure that children are developing in a healthy way. This section of the paper focuses on the promotion of breastfeeding, infant and child vitamin A supplementation and growth monitoring and promotion (GMP). There exists decades of research showing that breastfeeding is a highly effective strategy to reduce all-cause mortality, diarrheal morbidity and mortality, and the risk of gastrointestinal infections and respiratory infections. There is a wealth of empirical data supporting the promotion of breastfeeding in developed and developing countries alike. Vitamin A supplementation for infants and young children has already been successful in Nepal, and it should remain a priority there. Vitamin A supplementation is associated with reductions in night-blindness, Bitot’s spots, xerophthalmia, and severe morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases, and when given before certain immunizations, it can enhance the immune response to the immunizations, making them more effective. Also, the use of GMP, measuring and charting the growth of children and using this information to counsel parents to motivate behaviors that promote growth, provides a cost-effective opportunity to identify growth issues before severe malnutrition manifests. For summary information on recommended interventions, refer to the one-page briefs after this Executive Summary. The interventions examined in this paper collectively have an enormous potential for impact in Nepal. At the same time, it is important to consider some of the challenges and feasibility concerns that these interventions may face. These may Executive Summary include: access to and utilization of antenatal care and other health services; the status of the health system infrastructure; financial resource availability, and cultural considerations. Also, while these recommended interventions can be successful in addressing the underlying causes of malnutrition-related morbidity and mortality, long-term solutions for improving maternal and child nutritional status must address the basic causes, such as political, economic and social conditions. While challenges and other considerations exist, the interventions recommended have the potential to make a real and lasting impact in Nepal by reducing the burden of nutrition-related morbidity and mortality. These interventions are cost-effective tools that should be central to any plan to create a bright and healthy future generation in Nepal.